Spray towers are widely used in the environmental protection industry, including alkaline washing for inorganic acid waste gas, acid washing for alkaline substances, and scrubbing of water-soluble organic matters, playing an indispensable role in environmental governance. Therefore, tower design is extremely critical, which needs to confirm tower height, diameter, material selection, packing selection, fan selection, circulating system, sewage discharge system and other key parameters.
I. Key Parameters of Spray Tower Equipment
1.Empty tower velocity: 1.2~1.5m/s
2.Liquid flow rate: gas-liquid ratio 2~3L/m³
3.Reference design height of tower bodyPacking height: 600mmWater spraying height: 600~800mmOutlet reserved height: 200mmTower height is calculated by empty tower velocity and residence time.
4.Water pump headEmpirical value for single-stage spraying: 15~20mCalculation formula: pipeline friction resistance + local elbow resistance + nozzle working pressure = total pump head
5.Nozzle configurationSpiral nozzles with 120° coverage angle are commonly adopted.
6.PH value control of pickling towerMaintain pickling solution PH at 5~6. The PH value and salt content will rise during operation and reduce treatment efficiency. The solution replacement and drainage can be judged by detecting conductivity and density.
7.PH value control of alkaline washing towerMaintain alkaline solution PH at 8~9. The PH value will decrease and salt content will accumulate in operation, affecting purification effect. Drainage and liquid replacement are controlled by testing solution conductivity and density.
8.Calculation of nozzle quantityNozzle quantity = total spraying volume ÷ single nozzle flow ÷ stability coefficientStability coefficient is set at 0.8~0.9 to prevent nozzle blockage.The total sectional area of all nozzles shall be less than two-thirds of the pipeline sectional area.
9.Water pump selectionDetermine pump model according to flow rate and head. Select pump body and impeller materials based on liquid chemical properties. Configure one working pump and one standby pump for 24-hour continuous operation to avoid production shutdown caused by equipment failure.
10.Fan selectionAfter confirming design air volume, calculate total fan pressure. Total pressure equals the sum of pipeline friction resistance and local resistance including elbow resistance, spraying resistance and packing resistance, multiplied by a safety coefficient of 1.2~1.4.
II. Design Process of Spray Tower with Air Volume of 10000m³/h
1.Tower diameterCalculated with empty tower velocity of 1.5m/s, the finished tower diameter is 1600mm.
2.Circulating water flowAdopt gas-liquid ratio of 3L/m³, the circulating water flow reaches 30m³/h under waste gas flow of 10000m³/h.
3.Water pump headSelect 20m head for single-layer spraying and single-stage packing structure.
4.Tower heightSet waste gas residence time as 2 seconds and flow area as 2 square meters, the designed tower height is 2800mm.
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